Melacha of Kotzer on Shabbat

Transcript

1. 0:01When the melachah of kotzer,
2. 0:03melachah of kotzer is harvesting,
3. 0:05which is pulling anything from its source of
4. 0:07any plants or anything,
5. 0:10vegetation that goes from its source of life.
6. 0:12So we're speaking about the
7. 0:14gezeirah miderabanan, the
8. 0:17gezeirah miderabanan that's connected to kotzer,
9. 0:19and from here we'll develop.
10. 0:20But before we get to the
11. 0:21gezeirah, we have to say a very, very important rule,
12. 0:24and that is, chachamim made
13. 0:26gezeirot to protect the Torah.
14. 0:27This is not something that the rabbis felt
15. 0:29they were bored and they had to do,
16. 0:31you know, like, okay, what should we do today?
17. 0:32We're going to make another
18. 0:33gezeirah. This is something the Torah commands
19. 0:35that the chachamim should do.
20. 0:37The Torah says that you have to
21. 0:38u'shmartem et
22. 0:40mishmarti. What do I mean?
23. 0:41Protect my
24. 0:41mishmarah, protect what my protection is,
25. 0:43which means make an extra fence.
26. 0:46And that's why
27. 0:50the Gemara says that
28. 0:57when we make a
29. 0:59berachah on
30. 1:01mitzvot d'rabanan, we could say
31. 1:05asher kideshanu b'mitzvotav v'tzivanu. We're saying that Hashem commanded us.
32. 1:07Chachamim made up the concept,
33. 1:09let's say, of
34. 1:10hadlakat nerot
35. 1:12Chanukah. It's not something in the Torah.
36. 1:16How could you say asher kideshanu b'mitzvotav v'tzivanu? The answer is because that's part of the
37. 1:17command. Hashem commanded that the
38. 1:18chachamim should make these things,
39. 1:19and we should listen to these
40. 1:22gezeirot of the chachamim. Okay.
41. 1:23Now, when you look at
42. 1:25gezeirot miderabanan, most of the time,
43. 1:27not always, but most of the time,
44. 1:29we find that the chachamim tell us
45. 1:31the reason why
46. 1:32they were gozer. They were gozer because they want to protect us,
47. 1:34or whatever it is,
48. 1:35shema you might come to do this.
49. 1:37So a lot of times people make the following mistake,
50. 1:40and they say,
51. 1:42Well, if the chachamim made a
52. 1:44gezeirah and they gave me a reason why I can't do it,
53. 1:47okay,
54. 1:48I don't have that reason,
55. 1:50or that reason doesn't apply today,
56. 1:52and therefore
57. 1:53it should be okay.
58. 1:53Now, although we find one of the Rishonim
59. 1:57who does say such an opinion,
60. 1:59there is one of the Rishonim
61. 2:00has such an opinion.
62. 2:01However,
63. 2:02almost all the Rishonim
64. 2:03disagree with that approach.
65. 2:06That means
66. 2:06when a Chachamim made a
67. 2:08gezeirah, regardless of the reasons applicable or not,
68. 2:10the reason is just the way,
69. 2:12the reason why it came out.
70. 2:14The gezeirah came out.
71. 2:15It's therefore,
72. 2:15once a gezeirah is in effect,
73. 2:17regardless of the reason is applicable or not,
74. 2:19the gezeirah is in
75. 2:21effect. Give an example of this.
76. 2:24The Gemara says,
77. 2:25for example,
78. 2:25you cannot read to the light of a candle.
79. 2:28So if you have an olive oil candle,
80. 2:30or any oil,
81. 2:31any oil candle,
82. 2:32there's no light,
83. 2:33and you want to read to that light,
84. 2:34it's asur. Why?
85. 2:36Shema yateh. We're scared that maybe a person will play with it.
86. 2:38The Gemara says
87. 2:39there's a big Tanna called
88. 2:41Rabbi Yishmael, and he says,
89. 2:42What's the reason?
90. 2:43You might play with the thing.
91. 2:44You might forget about Shabbat,
92. 2:46and you might play with the thing.
93. 2:48So therefore,
94. 2:49I am a big rabbi.
95. 2:50He didn't say,
96. 2:51I'm a big rabbi.
97. 2:51I'm saying he was a big rabbi.
98. 2:53But he says,
99. 2:53I'm going to read,
100. 2:54and I'm going to be careful.
101. 2:56What's so hard?
102. 2:56I'll be careful.
103. 2:58The Gemara says
104. 2:58Rabbi Yishmael was once reading on
105. 2:59Shabbat to the light of the candle,
106. 3:00didn't listen to the
107. 3:02Chachamim, and it started flickering.
108. 3:04The light wasn't catching so well.
109. 3:06He played with it,
110. 3:07and he realized he just
111. 3:09did an issur d'oraita on Shabbat
112. 3:10of putting on a fire.
113. 3:11And therefore,
114. 3:13the Gemara is bringing that story to remind us
115. 3:15that even the reason doesn't apply.
116. 3:17On that same
117. 3:18gezeirah, the Gemara says
118. 3:18even the candle is twenty stories high,
119. 3:22you're getting light from it,
120. 3:22and that's your source of light,
121. 3:24you still can't read.
122. 3:25Even though you can't reach it,
123. 3:25how are you going to climb twenty stories high?
124. 3:28The gezeirah is a
125. 3:29gezeirah. With that introduction,
126. 3:31we could come to just announce the gezeirah today.
127. 3:34Tomorrow we'll talk about it more in detail.
128. 3:35The
129. 3:36gezeirah, in the
130. 3:37halachah quotes here, that you cannot ride an animal
131. 3:39on Shabbat.
132. 3:40Why can't you ride an animal on Shabbat?
133. 3:42The answer is
134. 3:43we're scared that you might come to
135. 3:44break off a branch from a
136. 3:46tree to whip the animal.
137. 3:48Good.
138. 3:49As every animal needs to be whipped?
139. 3:51Maybe, maybe not.
140. 3:52I'm not sure.
141. 3:53Last time I wrote an animal,
142. 3:54it was like people holding it, things,
143. 3:56you know,
144. 3:56just for a picture.
145. 3:57So it's not really,
146. 3:59you know,
147. 3:59I'm not the expert to tell you about
148. 4:01what goes on when
149. 4:02writing nefesh. But that's the
150. 4:03gezeirah, that a person is not supposed to write any animal.
151. 4:06It's a camel,
152. 4:06it's a horse,
153. 4:07it's a donkey,
154. 4:07it's your cat,
155. 4:08I don't know,
156. 4:09whatever it is,
157. 4:09you cannot write an animal on Shabbat.
158. 4:11The reason is
159. 4:13shema yiksor. More details about animals on Shabbat
160. 4:15will come.